Quick answer Ellipsis leaves out words that the listener or reader can understand from context. Substitution uses a word or phrase such as one, so or do so in place of an understood expression. Both can reduce repetition. Repetition is also useful when it adds emphasis or makes the meaning clearer. Leave Out Words That…
Quick answer Hedging shows uncertainty or limits the scope of a claim. Words such as may, appears and some can help your wording match the evidence. Strong evidence can justify a direct statement; adding a hedge does not automatically make an unsupported claim accurate. Match the Wording to the Evidence Imagine a small study finds…
Sara watches two birds build a nest in the lemon tree. Her grandad helps her learn about them. Then a storm comes to the garden.
In the mountain village of Krevna, spoken promises turn into stones. A young man’s ambition tests the rules of this folk tale, where words carry a weight nobody can easily escape.
Sorting her grandmother’s house, Nell discovers the work behind a coastal feast. A commercial proposal to revive the struggling festival forces her to consider what the town might lose.
Vera has kept her neighbours’ spare keys for decades. When new management introduces electronic access, a building must reconsider the value of the person who has always helped.
Mira sees the water in her fishing village glow blue at night. As frightening rumours spread, she looks for an explanation with someone who studies the sea.
Sara finds a handwritten note inside a library book. She writes a reply, starting an unusual friendship with someone she has never met.
Quick answer The mandative subjunctive is one way to express a demand, recommendation or requirement in a that-clause: I insist that he be present. It uses the base verb, such as be, attend or leave, without to. Other constructions, including should, can express similar meanings. Recognise the Base Form The form does not change to…
Maria has a new job at Rosa’s bakery. She is nervous about her first day. There is bread to make, customers to meet and much to learn.
