A2 Grammar lessons cover the rules, patterns, and structures you need at the A2 Elementary level. Each lesson explains a grammar point with clear examples, common mistakes to avoid, and practice opportunities. Topics are ordered to build on each other so you can work through them step by step.
Quick Answer The past tense of forbid is forbade. With “have” or “has,” use forbidden. Every day: I forbid it. Yesterday: I forbade it. Many times: I have forbidden it. Forbid, Forbade, Forbidden — See the Pattern Read these sentences. Look at how the verb changes: Did you see the pattern? There are three forms:…
Quick Answer Regular plural nouns add -s or -es to make more than one (dog → dogs, box → boxes). Irregular plural nouns change in a different way (child → children, foot → feet) or stay the same (sheep → sheep). Dog → Dogs, Child → Children — See the Difference Look at these two…
Quick Answer A possessive noun shows that something belongs to someone. Add ‘s to most nouns. If a plural noun already ends in s, just add ‘. One cat: the cat’s toy Two cats: the cats’ toys Children: the children’s playground The Cat’s Toy, The Dogs’ Toys — See the Pattern Read these sentences. Look…
Quick Answer Both shined and shone are correct past tense forms of shine. Use shined when someone does something to an object (like polishing shoes). Use shone when something gives light by itself (like the sun or stars). Shine, Shined, Shone — See the Pattern Look at these sentences. Can you see when we use…
Quick Answer The past tense of sweep is swept. “Sweeped” is not a real word. Use swept for the past and with have/has/had. Every day: I sweep the floor. Yesterday: I swept the floor. Many times: I have swept the floor this week. Sweep, Swept — See the Pattern Read these sentences. Look at how…
Quick Answer The past tense of take is took. When you use it with have, has, or had, say taken. Example: “I took the bus yesterday” and “I have taken that class before.” Take, Took, Taken — See the Pattern The verb take changes in a special way. It does not follow the usual “-ed”…
Quick Answer The past tense of swim is swam. With “have,” “has,” or “had,” use swum. Every day: I swim in the pool. Yesterday: I swam in the pool. Many times: I have swum in the pool before. Swim, Swam, Swum — See the Pattern Read these sentences. Look at how the verb changes: Did…
Quick Answer The past tense of strike is struck. With “have” or “has,” use struck. But when you talk about feelings or suffering, use stricken. Every day: I strike the ball. Yesterday: I struck the ball. Feeling: She was stricken with fear. Strike, Struck, Stricken — See the Pattern Read these sentences. Look at how…
One such verb is “stink,” which refers to emitting a strong, unpleasant smell. It’s present tense is straightforward—something stinks, meaning it gives off an offensive odor in the here and now. However, when we look to describe an event in the past that involved an unpleasant odor, the verbs we use are “stank” or “stunk.”…
Quick Answer The past tense of spring is sprang. Use sprung with have, has, or had. Yesterday: The cat sprang off the wall. With have: The cat has sprung off the wall before. Spring, Sprang, Sprung — See the Pattern Read these sentences. Can you see the pattern? Did you see it? The vowel changes:…
